Kev Txhim Kho EN545 Tus Qauv Kev Paub Txog

Hauv cov ntawv dhau los, peb tau tshawb nrhiav cov ntsiab lus yooj yim, cov khoom siv, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm EN545 tus qauv yeeb nkab hlau ductile hauv kev lag luam dej. Tsab xov xwm no yuav nkag mus rau hauv cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb thiab tseem ceeb, suav nrog kev tswj hwm ovality hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, cov txheej txheem kev faib tawm qib khoom, cov txheej txheem kho vuam rau qhov tsis xws luag, thiab cov yeeb nkab sib txuas tseem ceeb. Cov kev paub no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim qauv engineering, kev xaiv khoom, kev tsim kho thiab kev teeb tsa, thiab kev tswj xyuas zoo.

I. Kev suav thiab kev ntsuas ntawm cov yeeb nkab hlau ductile ovality
Qhov ovality yog ib qho tseem ceeb geometric parameter uas ntsuas qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov puag ncig ntawm ib lub yeeb nkab. Qhov ovality ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau lub nplhaib roj hmab tsis zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov yeeb nkab uas muaj qhov sib txuas ntawm lub qhov (spigot-and-socket), thiab tuaj yeem ua rau xau.

Kev Txhais Lus:Qhov ovality yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws sab nraud txoj kab uas hla thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus sab nraud txoj kab uas hla ntawm ib lub yeeb nkab. Tus qauv EN545 teev cov kev txwv tshwj xeeb rau qhov ovality.

Cov Qauv Xam:Ovality = D_{siab tshaj plaws}– D_feeb

Txoj Kev Ntsuas:Ib Daim Kab Xev Tshwj Xeeb yog ib daim hlau uas muaj qhov ntev thiab yooj ywm uas muaj qhov ncig uas tau teeb tsa tshwj xeeb. Yuav ntsuas, qhwv Daim Kab Xev ncig lub yeeb nkab. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov cim ntsuas ntawm daim kab xev yog nyeem los xam qhov txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov seem. Los ntawm kev tig lub yeeb nkab kawg ntawm ntau lub kaum sab xis, D_{siab tshaj plaws}thiab D_feebtuaj yeem txiav txim siab tau.

Cov kev cai lij choj: Tus qauv EN545 xav kom qhov ovality yuav tsum nyob hauv qhov ntau uas tso cai kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib txuas du thiab nruj ntawm lub qhov (socket) thiab lub qhov (spigot). Feem ntau, qhov ovality yuav tsum raug tswj hwm nruj me ntsis hauv 100 hli ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov yeeb nkab.

II. Cov Qauv Kev Faib Tawm K/C/PN/DN rauCov Kav Hlau Uas Muaj Qhov Cub
DN:Qhov no sawv cev rau qhov loj ntawm cov yeeb nkab hlau cam khwb cia. Nws yog tus nqi puag ncig, feem ntau yog qhia hauv mm. Nws tsis sib xws rau qhov tseeb sab hauv lossis sab nraud txoj kab uas hla; nws tsuas yog lub npe siv rau kev txheeb xyuas, xws li DN100, DN500, DN1000, thiab lwm yam.

PN:Qhov no sawv cev rau qhov siab tshaj plaws uas cov yeeb nkab thiab cov khoom siv tuaj yeem tiv taus ntawm qhov kub ntawm dej ntawm 20 ° C. Lub chav tsev yog bar lossis MPa. Cov qib PN feem ntau hauv tus qauv EN545 yog:

• PN10: Kev ua haujlwm siab uas tso cai 10 bar (1.0 MPa)
• PN16: Kev ua haujlwm siab uas tso cai 16 bar (1.6 MPa)
• PN25: Kev ua haujlwm siab tso cai 25 bar (2.5 MPa)
• PN40: Kev ua haujlwm siab tso cai 40 bar (4.0 MPa)

Thaum xaiv ib lub yeeb nkab, tus nqi PN yuav tsum loj dua lossis sib npaug rau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub kaw lus tsim ua haujlwm.

Chav Kawm K - Qib Kev Ruaj Khov:Qib no qhia txog lub peev xwm ntawm cov yeeb nkab los tiv taus kev hloov pauv los ntawm cov av sab nraud thiab cov tsheb thauj khoom, piv txwv li, qhov tawv ntawm phab ntsa yeeb nkab. Nws yog txhais los ntawm radial SN ntawm phab ntsa yeeb nkab, qhia hauv N / m².

• K9: Qhov no yog qhov feem ntau siv, qib kev tawv txheem, nrog qhov tawv tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 10,000 N / m² (SN 10000), tsim rau feem ntau cov ntawv thov faus.
• K8/K7, thiab lwm yam: Cov qib no muaj qhov tawv tsawg dua li K9 thiab siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov nrog cov khoom thauj tsawg dua. Lawv tsis tshua muaj. K10 thiab siab dua: Qhov tawv ntau dua li K9, tsim nyog rau kev npog tob heev lossis cov xwm txheej thauj khoom hnyav heev.

Chav Kawm C - Hom Txheej:Qhia txog hom tshuaj tiv thaiv xeb uas siv rau sab nraud ntawm cov yeeb nkab, xaiv raws li qhov chaw ua xeb hauv av.

• C25: Txheej txheem txheem. Feem ntau yog cov xim pleev xim nplua nuj zinc nrog rau qhov tiav asphalt. Haum rau cov av dav dav.
• C40: Txheej txheej txhim kho. Tuab dua li txheej txheem txheem, lossis siv cov txheej txheej ua haujlwm siab xws li epoxy resin. Haum rau cov av uas muaj zog heev, cov hav dej, lossis cov chaw acidic.
• C30/C35 thiab lwm qib nruab nrab yog qib nruab nrab.

Piv txwv dav dav: Ib lub yeeb nkab hlau ductile cimDN500 × PN40 × K9 × C40qhia txog lub cheeb tsam nominal ntawm 500 mm, lub siab nominal ntawm 40 bar, kev ruaj khov ib txwm muaj, thiab kev txhim kho sab nraud tiv thaiv xeb.

III. Cov Txheej Txheem Kho Cov Yeeb Nkab Hlau Uas Muaj Qhov Caj Npab - Kev Vuam
Vim yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kav dej DI, kev kho vuam yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem nruj. Cov kev kho no feem ntau tsuas yog txwv rau cov qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev casting lossis kev puas tsuaj me me uas tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm thauj mus los thiab yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim nyog.
Kev Ua Tau: Kev vuam ua tau, tab sis cov txheej txheem xav tau siab heev, tsis zoo li cov hlau carbon ib txwm muaj.
Qhov Nyuaj Tseem Ceeb: Graphite hauv cov hlau ductile muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv spherical. Thaum lub sijhawm vuam, cov pa roj carbon nyob rau hauv thaj chaw kub-cuam tshuam (HAZ) txhawb kev tsim cov cementite siab-hardness, ua rau thaj chaw brittle thiab yooj yim tawg.

IV. Hom ntawmCov Yeeb Nkab Hlau Uas Muaj Qhov Sib Txuas

Kev Sib Koom Tes Uas Yooj Yim -Hom uas neeg siv ntau tshaj plaws.

• Kev Teeb Tsa: Thawb lub qhov kawg ntawm lub qhov (socket). Lub foob kaw vim nws qhov elasticity. Qee qhov degree ntawm deflection (feem ntau yog 3-5°) thiab axial displacement raug tso cai los pab txhawb kev sib haum xeeb ntawm lub hauv paus thiab kev nthuav dav thermal thiab kev cog lus.
• Qhov Zoo: Kev teeb tsa sai, kev ywj pheej zoo, thiab kev sib khi txhim khu kev qha.

Cov Pob Qij Txha Mechanical

• Kev Sib Koom Tes Flanged: Ib lub flange txheem tau txuas rau qhov kawg ntawm cov yeeb nkab thiab txuas rau lwm lub flange ntawm cov bolts. Haum rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev rhuav tshem ntau zaus lossis kev sib txuas rau cov li qub, twj tso kua mis, thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Nws muaj kev ruaj khov siab thiab tsis muaj kev ywj pheej.
• Kev Sib Txuas / Kev Sib Txuas Tes Tsho -Qhov no yog ib qho khoom sib cais nrog lub foob roj hmab sab hauv.
• Siv rau kev txuas ob ntu yeeb nkab nrog cov kawg tiaj tus lossis kho cov yeeb nkab puas tsuaj. Thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa, ib lub clamp raug muab tso rau ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke ntawm ob lub yeeb nkab, thiab cov bolts ntawm ob sab raug nruj kom nias lub nplhaib sib khi thiab lub foob. Nws kuj tseem tso cai rau qee qhov kev khoov thiab nthuav dav.

Adapter yooj ywm -Qhov no yog ib qho roj hmab tshwj xeeb uas nthuav dav, feem ntau muaj cov flanges ntawm ob qho kawg.

• Nws yog siv los txuas cov kav dej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv (xws li hlau ductile thiab PVC) thiab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb, lossis hauv cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev them nyiaj ntau dua thiab kev co damping, xws li ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau lossis txoj kev loj lossis ntawm cov twj tso kua mis kom txo cov dej hammer.

Kev Sib Koom Tes Rhuav Tshem -Ib qho kev sib txuas flange tshwj xeeb uas muaj ntau yam zoo, feem ntau muaj ib khub flanges, ib lub raj mis luv luv, ib lub qog, ib lub nplhaib roj hmab, thiab cov ntsia hlau ntev.

• Lub Luag Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb: Kho qhov ntev ntawm kev teeb tsa thiab ua kom yooj yim rau kev rhuav tshem. Tus qauv ntsia hlau ntev tso cai rau qhov sib koom ua ke kom qhib txaus tom qab loosen lub txiv ntoo, ua rau nws yooj yim dua los hloov lub valve lub gasket sealing lossis ua kev saib xyuas lub kaw lus yam tsis tas yuav txav cov yeeb nkab ntau.
• Daim Ntawv Thov: Yuav luag ib txwm ntsia rau ntawm ob sab ntawm cov li qub thiab ntawm cov qhov nkag thiab qhov tawm ntawm cov khoom siv uas xav tau kev saib xyuas ntau zaus.

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