Hauv kev tsim cov dej thiab cov dej ntws, thiab hauv kev tsim kho hauv nroog, cov kav dej hlau cam khwb cia tau txais kev nyiam heev rau lawv qhov ruaj khov, tiv taus xeb, thiab txo suab nrov. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum ntsib ob tus qauv European, EN545 thiab EN877, ntau tus engineers, cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav khoom, thiab cov neeg tsim qauv yuav tsis meej pem: Lawv ob leeg zoo li yog "cov kav dej hlau," yog li qhov txawv yog dab tsi?
Qhov tseeb, muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ob qho no, thiab kev xaiv ntawm lawv cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev nyab xeeb, kev ntseeg siab, thiab kev siv nyiaj txiag ntawm ib qho project. Hais yooj yim, EN545 yog tus qauv "muaj zog" rau cov kav dej siab, thaum EN877 yog "kws tshwj xeeb" rau cov kav dej tsis muaj siab. Kev nkag siab txog lawv qhov sib txawv yog thawj kauj ruam hauv kev xaiv cov khoom siv kom raug.
- EN877 cov yeeb nkab hlau cam khwb cia(grey cast iron): Qhov no yog ib hom hlau cam khwb cia ib txwm muaj. Nws cov pa roj carbon muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm flake graphite. Cov graphite flakes no ua haujlwm zoo li ntau "cov kab nrib pleb ntuj" uas tau muab tso rau hauv cov hlau matrix, ua rau lub matrix tsis tu ncua. Thaum raug kev ntxhov siab lossis kev cuam tshuam, kev ntxhov siab yog nyob rau ntawm cov lus qhia ntawm cov graphite flakes no, ua rau cov khoom siv yooj yim rau kev tawg yooj yim. Yog li ntawd, EN877 cov yeeb nkab hlau cam khwb cia paub txog nws qhov nyuaj siab thiab lub zog compressive, tab sis kuj rau nws qhov tsis zoo thiab brittleness.
- EN545 cov yeeb nkab hlau ductileQhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no. Thaum lub sijhawm smelting, cov neeg sawv cev nodularizing (xws li magnesium thiab cov khoom tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb) raug ntxiv rau cov hlau molten kom hloov cov graphite los ntawm flakes mus rau cov duab kheej kheej. Qhov kev hloov pauv no yog qhov hloov pauv tshiab: cov graphite kheej kheej txo qhov cuam tshuam rau cov hlau matrix, tshem tawm cov ntsiab lus ntxhov siab hnyav. Qhov no tso cai rau cov hlau matrix kom paub txog nws lub zog thiab ductility. Yog li ntawd, cov hlau ductile sib xyaw ua ke lub zog ntawm hlau (lub zog tensile siab) nrog cov khoom zoo heev ntawm cov hlau cam khwb cia.
| Cov Yeeb Nkab Hlau Uas Muaj Qhov Loj | SML yeeb nkab | |
| Cov Khoom Siv Kho Tshuab | Muaj zog heev, muaj zog toughness, cuam tshuam tsis kam | Kev tawg yooj yim thiab kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo |
| Lub zog tensile | ≥ 420 MPa | ≈ 150 MPa |
| Daim Ntawv Sib Txuas Lus | Kev sib txuas lus yooj ywm (xws li T-hom, K-hom mechanical interface) | Cov pob qij txha ruaj khov (xws li cov pob qij txha cement-hemp lossis cov pob qij txha roj hmab yooj yim) |
| Daim Ntawv Thov Tseem Ceeb | Kev muab dej hauv nroog, cov yeeb nkab dej phwj siab, cov yeeb nkab dej lag luam, cov yeeb nkab tiv thaiv hluav taws | Cov dej ntws sab hauv / cov dej nag hauv cov tsev, thiab cov kav dej ntws hauv nroog uas tsis muaj siab |
Yuav ua li cas xaiv cov yeeb nkab hlau ductile zoo?
Thaum koj lub tshuab cuam tshuam nrog kev xa cov kua dej uas muaj siab thiab muab qhov xav tau siab heev rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov yeeb nkab, EN545 cov yeeb nkab hlau ductile yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws.
- Cov kav dej hauv nroog: Cov kav dej no ris lub nra hnyav ntawm lub nroog cov "ntshav," ris lub nra hnyav ntawm cov dej siab sab hauv thiab cov av sab nraud.
- Cov kav dej phwj siab thiab cov kav dej lag luam: Cov no yog siv rau cov kav dej tawm siab tom qab cov chaw twj tso kua mis thiab rau kev xa cov xov xwm hauv kev siv hauv kev lag luam.
- Hauv cov cheeb tsam uas xav tau kev tiv thaiv av qeeg: Lawv cov pob qij txha uas yoog tau zoo pab txhawb kev hloov chaw los ntawm cov nthwv dej av qeeg, tiv thaiv cov kav dej tawg.
- Hauv cov cheeb tsam uas hla cov hauv paus nyuaj: Lawv tuaj yeem pab txhawb qee qib ntawm kev sib haum xeeb tsis sib xws.
Thaum koj lub tshuab yog lub tshuab tsis muaj siab, lub ntiajteb txawj nqus nrog kev tiv thaiv hluav taws thiab kev ua haujlwm ntsiag to, EN877 cov yeeb nkab hlau cam khwb cia yog qhov kev xaiv pheej yig thiab siv tau.
- Cov tshuab dej ntws hauv tsev: Cov no yog cov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws rau txhua yam los ntawm chav dej thiab chav ua noj mus rau cov chaw ntws dej.
- Cov tshuab ntws dej ntawm lub ru tsev: Cov no sau thiab tso dej nag tawm hauv lub tsev. Cov kav dej phwj hauv nroog uas tsis muaj zog siab: Siv rau kev sau thiab thauj cov dej phwj hauv tsev thiab dej nag raws li lub ntiajteb txawj nqus.
- Rau cov chaw uas xav tau cov suab rwb thaiv tsev siab: Qhov ceev thiab cov qauv crystalline ntawm cov kav hlau cam khwb cia muab cov suab rwb thaiv tsev zoo heev, zoo dua li cov kav yas.
hlau grey cam khwb cia, yeeb nkab hlau ductile, EN545 yeeb nkab hlau ductile, EN877 yeeb nkab hlau cam khwb cia, SML Yeeb Nkab,
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Hli-21-2025
